布什的窃听项目被判非法
最近法庭再次对布什政府的反恐手段进行了谴责，底特律市的一个联邦法院法官在上周四裁决，布什政府对普通民众实施未被授权的窃听政策违反了美国宪法和联邦法律。这一裁决不仅令布什总统极其尴尬，也应该令国会蒙羞。

Posted Saturday, August 26, 2006

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In the latest judicial rebuke of the Bush administration's tactics against terrorism, a federal judge in Detroit ruled Thursday that warrantless wiretapping of U.S. citizens violates the constitution and federal law. The decision is an embarrassment for President George Bush, but it also should be a source of shame for Congress.
最近法庭再次对布什政府的反恐手段进行了谴责，底特律市的一个联邦法院法官在上周四裁决，布什政府对普通民众实施未被授权的窃听政策违反了美国宪法和联邦法律。这一裁决不仅令布什总统极其尴尬，也应该令国会蒙羞。

Eight months ago, The New York Times reported that the National Security Agency was monitoring the international phone calls and email messages of some Americans without obtaining a court order as required by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act.
八个月前，《纽约时报》披露国家安全局违反《外国情报监听法》的规定，未经法庭许可便擅自对部分美国民众的国际电话和电子邮件实施窃听和监控。

Several proposals for reining in the NSA operation were offered. But none of them were enacted before members of Congress left town for the summer.
如今，虽然一些旨在控制国家安全局非法运作的建议已被提出，但是在国会进入夏季休会期前没有一条建议被付诸实施。

Thursday's ruling by U.S. District Judge Anna Diggs Taylor should jump-start that stalled effort. It came in a lawsuit brought by the American Civil Liberties Union on behalf of journalists, lawyers and other scholars with business contacts in the Mideast.
美国地区法官Anna Diggs Taylor周四做出的裁决应该可以推动这个被拖置已久的进程。这一裁决是针对由美国公民自由联盟代表的、经常和中东地区打交道的记者、律师和其他一些学者向法院提起的诉讼做出的。

Her decision convincingly rebuts two of the Bush administration's legal positions: that the president has the inherent constitutional authority to engage in surveillance of Americans, and that Congress approved such eavesdropping in 2001 when it authorized Bush to use "all necessary and appropriate force" against individuals and nations implicated in the 9/11 attacks.
Taylor法官的裁决有力地推翻了布什政府长期坚持的两个“合法立场”：一是总统有天赋权力可以对美国民众进行监视；二是国会在2001年批准窃听行为，也就是说国会授权布什使用“所有必须和适当的力量”去对付涉及9/11恐怖袭击案的个人和国家。

The decision also gives short shrift to the administration's argument that a lawsuit against the NSA's monitoring of telephone calls and email messages couldn't go forward because it would result in the divulging of state secrets.
Taylor的裁决同样未理会华盛顿所谓的泄露国家机密的借口，仍然对安全局监控国际电话和电子邮件提起诉讼。

Not surprisingly, the administration said it would appeal Thursday's ruling, insisting in a statement that "the Terrorist Surveillance Program is firmly grounded in law." It said the same thing about the military commissions Bush established to try accused enemy combatants at the Guantanamo Bay naval base. The Supreme Court disagreed. The justices may take a similarly skeptical view of administration assertions when it comes to warrantless wiretapping.
不足为奇，华盛顿自然是回应说他们将对周四的裁决提出上诉，他们在一份声明中坚称“这份恐怖分子监视计划是完全合法的”。这种说辞同样用 在当初华盛顿对关塔那摩基地“虐囚”事件的回应上，而最高法院最终没有接受那种解释。在这次的擅自窃听事件上，美国司法部门可能还会用这种怀疑的目光去审 视政府的那些说辞。

以上是美国西部最大的日报《洛杉矶时报》(Los Angeles Times) 8月18日 发表的社论。大中报理静、王晴编译。