Sep 14th, 2010, 20:11
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只看该作者 #22 | |
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Senior Member
 
注册日期: Apr 2010
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Sep 14th, 2010, 21:13
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只看该作者 #24 | |
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欧阳费劲
 
注册日期: Jul 2006
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大部分人是不喜欢DIY的或忙的没时间等等，害怕2手车买到手就得大修，其实没啥问题你大修啥呢？到手最多全身检查一下做到心中有数就成，到期需要更换的部件如皮带在买的时候就可以问清楚。安全前提下，需要更换的部件在安检的时候就更换完了，不然安检也过不了，这类担心是不必的。真能遇到有大问题的概率很小，不放心找个看车师傅帮忙就是。 LZ经济不稳定仍花钱买新车，觉得陷入误区，风险加大，就多提醒几句，不要匆忙做决定。 |
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感谢 Envy 此篇文章之用户： |
bigzozo (Sep 14th, 2010) |
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Sep 14th, 2010, 21:20
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只看该作者 #25 | |
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Senior Gear
 
注册日期: Jan 2008
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新车其实贵，不管是多差的新车，头几年的贬值很厉害。花了很多钱，如果不满意的话，卖出去至少一年亏 $3000-$4000。这个钱还不如拿出一点用来维修二手的。 所谓的大修只要不是引擎和传动出了大问题，就都是小修，一次不过几百，而且车就那么多零件，换过的不会再需要换。就算是引擎和传动出了问题， 如果其它部分运作良好，花几千快有时候也值得。 |
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Never argue with an idiot. He will consistently drag you down to his level and beat you with experience.
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Sep 14th, 2010, 21:25
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只看该作者 #26 | |
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步兵班长
注册日期: Mar 2008
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2010的FORESTER采用前轮驱动系统配以电子感应的ON DEMAND四轮驱动系统,和RAV4类似,都是在感应到打滑时才分配动力到后轮 三个车里AWD最差的是CRV,用的是液力藕合式四轮驱动系统,反应最慢 |
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老兵不死,他们只是慢慢凋零
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Sep 14th, 2010, 21:56
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只看该作者 #27 | |
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Senior Member
注册日期: Mar 2005
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刚才又看了下关于2010森林人的介绍，感觉应该是全时四驱的 An honest-to-goodness SUV with a number of un-SUV-like qualities, the Subaru Forester brings an unexpected balance of desirable attributes for a truly unsurpassed level of driving confidence. Go ahead and forge a new path courtesy of Forester's powerful yet efficient SUBARU BOXER engine and world-renowned Subaru symmetrical full-time All-Wheel Drive (AWD). A low centre of gravity and generous ground clearance enable the Forester to climb higher but corner flatter. Surefooted all-wheel drive handling is complemented by reassuring class-leading safety ratings. And the harmonious arrangement continues: An available Multimedia Option equips the Forester with the latest technology, including a Bluetooth® hands-free system and GPS DVD-based navigation, for the ultimate in convenience at your fingertips. Whether you choose to get adventure-ready with the new 2.5X Outdoor Package or PZEV Outdoor Package; stay connected with the new value-packed Sport-tech model or indulge yourself with the 2.5X Limited Package or the high-performance turbocharged Forester 2.5XT Limited, there's plenty of rugged SUV capability and stylish comfort that's thoroughly fun for any outing. |
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想法多，希望少 
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Sep 14th, 2010, 22:47
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只看该作者 #29 | |
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Senior Member
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我在安省, 和一帮朋友最爱钓冰鱼, 去的很多都是整个冬天不扫雪的地方或湖面, 4驱最大用处是能比较容易让你从雪地里脱困 |
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Sep 14th, 2010, 23:40
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只看该作者 #31 | |
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Senior Member
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Sep 14th, 2010, 23:59
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只看该作者 #32 | |
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步兵班长
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SUBARU本身的四轮驱动系统有几个不同的类型.其中一种是恒时四驱,用于高端的OUTBACK车型上.高端这个是50:50分配,然后CENTRE differential可以根据需要最多达到80:20动力分配.而低端则采用电子感应的ON DEMAND的工作方式.低端的这个在MPT不工作时,前后动力分配为90:10(相当于在普通驾驶状态时是两轮驱动) 其中最本质的区别一个是通过differential工作,而一个是用multi-plate transfer clutch来工作. 从驾驶感觉来说,也会有所不同.FORESTER的驾驶感觉会很类似于前驱车. 此帖于 Sep 15th, 2010 00:25 被 老兵不死 编辑。 |
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Sep 15th, 2010, 00:10
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只看该作者 #33 |
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步兵班长
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下面的文章可能过分专业了.但是可以比较清楚的解释
下面的文章可能过分专业了.但是可以比较清楚的解释SUBARU不同的AWD系统. 如果真的有兴趣搞清楚各种系统间的区别,就认真的读一下吧. 不过,其实对大多数买车人来说,都不会太关心的.因为厂商已经用其宣传策略让消费者以为他们买到的是一样的东西了. There is a lot of confusion about the differences between the various Subaru AWD systems: Continuous (for 5MT) Active (for 4EAT) VTD (for 5EAT) availability or non-availability of Rear LSD So heres an attempt to explain the differences.... 1. Continuous AWD System: The manual transmission’s all-wheel drive is referred to as a continuous all-wheel drive system. It uses a center differential located inside the transmission case that is controlled by a viscous coupling device. In effect, the center differential is a limited-slip differential. In normal operation, power is distributed equally to the front and rear wheels. Plates are alternately attached to the front and rear output shafts inside the viscous coupling. When a rotational difference occurs between the front and back wheels, the plates inside the viscous housing shear inside the contained fluid (a type of silicone) heating it and causing the fluid to thicken. The thickened fluid causes the plates to transfer torque from those that rotate faster (the slipping wheels) to the plates that rotate slower (the wheels with the best traction). This no-maintenance system is simple, compact and virtually invisible in its operation. The system can distribute torque from a 50:50 torque split for maximum traction to mostly front or rear wheel drive. (Source: http://www.autoworld.com/news/Subaru..._All-Wheel.htm) A. Continuous AWD with Rear LSD: Available with 5MT on WRX, Legacy GT, Outback 2.5i, Outback XT and with 6MT on Spec.B B. Continuous AWD without rear LSD: Available with 5MT on Impreza 2.5i, Outback Sport and Legacy 2.5i 2. Active AWD System: Active all-wheel drive is a term coined by Subaru to differentiate the all-wheel drive system in the automatic transmission (4EAT) from other "reactive" all-wheel drive systems on the market today. What makes this all-wheel drive system so special is its ability to anticipate traction needs and act before a wheel slips. The mechanism that transfers torque fore and aft is contained within the transmission’s tailshaft. To the casual observer it looks just like a typical hydraulic clutch found in any automatic. The key difference in this clutch pack is its operation. It’s designed to slip according to how much all-wheel drive is needed. When an automatic’s clutch slips, it is due to a malfunction and will eventually burn up. But the multi-plate transfer (MPT) clutch uses a special friction material that easily withstands the friction loads generated during torque transfer. (Also referred to as VTC = Variable Transfer Clutch) The MPT’s operation is controlled by the Transmission Control Unit (or TCU) and constantly changes dependent on how the vehicle is being driven. To get more all-wheel drive, the TCU increases the hydraulic pressure to the clutch for less slippage. Less all-wheel drive calls for more slip and the TCU reduces the hydraulic pressure to the clutch. Under normal, dry pavement operation torque split is about 90% front and 10% rear. This distribution helps to compensate for the car’s weight distribution and resultant smaller effective rolling diameter of the front tires. As weight transfers to the rear of the vehicle, (i.e., under acceleration), the TCU shifts the torque split more toward the rear wheels. Under hard braking, torque is directed forward. Torque distribution is changed based upon how the vehicle is being driven. Throttle position, gearshift lever position, current gear and other factors combine to influence the TCU and it, in turn, selects a software map that determines how aggressively torque split will be adjusted. Two speed sensors are used by the TCU to detect wheel slippage. One sensor monitors the front axle set, the other the rear axle set. Pre-programmed variables help the TCU differentiate between slipping wheels and normal wheel speed differentials as what occurs when cornering. A speed differential (front-to-rear) of up to 20% signals the TCU that the vehicle is cornering and torque is distributed to the front wheels to help increase traction during the turn. Anything above 20%, however, indicates to the TCU that wheel slippage is occurring and torque is then distributed to the rear wheels. Another feature of the all-wheel drive system is its interaction with the anti-lock brake system. When ABS is engaged, the transmission selects third gear, reducing the unpredictability of engine braking and, thus, reducing the possibility of wheel lock-up. But all four wheels are still connected to the engine through the AWD system and are brought back up to overall vehicle speed quicker and can, therefore, be controlled again sooner. In a two-wheel drive system if the locking wheel isn’t a drive wheel, it can only be brought back up to overall wheel speed by whatever traction exists between it and the road. The quicker a wheel is controlled the better the stopping performance (Source: http://www.autoworld.com/news/Subaru..._All-Wheel.htm) A. Active AWD with Rear LSD: Available with Outback 2.5i B. Active AWD without Rear LSD: Available with 4EAT on Impreza 2.5i, Legacy 2.5i, Legacy 2.5i Ltd 3. Variable Torque Distribution (VTD): It has the MPT (multi plate transfer) clutch aka VTC as found in the Active AWD system but it also has a planetary-type center differential and a Rear LSD. The center differential provides the ability to have a default torque split of 45/55 front/rear (as against the 90/10 split in Active AWD). In every other aspect it is similar to the Active AWD in that it anticipates wheel slippage instead of reacting to it as in the case of a MT. We can say the the VTD is an advanced Active AWD system Available with 4EAT on Impreza WRX Available with 5EAT on Outback XT, Outback 3.0R, Legacy GT 4. Driver Controlled Center Differential (DCCD): Uses an electronically managed multiplate transfer clutch and a mechanical limited-slip differential in conjunction with a planetary gear-type center differential to control power distribution between the front and rear wheels. Normally, DCCD splits power 41% front and 59% rear. Sensors monitor parameters such as wheel slippage, steering angle, throttle position and braking to help determine torque distribution and direct it to the wheels with optimum traction. DCCD also features a helical-type limited-slip front differential and a Torsen® limited-slip rear differential. Available with 6MT on Impreza WRX Sti Does my Subaru have a Rear LSD? Another point of confusion is which Subarus have Rear Limited Slip Differentials (Rear LSD) and which ones do not. For this you can refer to the list of Subaru AWDs above where I have also listed the Subaru models which have that type of AWD. But to make things even clearer heres a list of Subarus with and without Rear LSD: Subarus without Rear LSD: Impreza 2.5i (5MT and 4EAT) Outback Sport (5MT and 4EAT) Legacy 2.5i (5MT and 4EAT) Legacy 2.5i Ltd. (4EAT) Subarus with Rear LSD: Impreza WRX (5MT and 4EAT) Outback 2.5i (5MT and 4EAT) Outback XT (5MT and 5EAT) Outback 3.0R (5EAT) Legacy GT (5MT and 5EAT) Spec.B (6MT) WRX Sti (also has Front LSD) As we all know that the center differential can split the torque in between the front and the rear axles depending on the front/rear wheel slippage. But its the Front and the Rear LSDs which can split the power between left and right wheels. So it is very advantageous to have at least the Rear LSD if not the Front LSD. If the left rear wheel slips the Rear LSD can transfer the power to the right rear wheel. Subaru does not offer Rear LSDs in its lower models except in Outback 2.5i!! which is understandable since it is designed for off-road conditions. (This might explain the mpg difference in Outback 2.5i and Legacy 2.5i) Which is Better? Now that brings us to the next point of debate as to which one is better? So here's an excerpt from an article I found: (Source: http://www.cars.com/carsapp/cars/?sr...all_wheel.tmpl) "Simpler AWD systems “bias” the power to the front or the rear in this way and react to slippage when it occurs. Subaru's “continuous” AWD system is this type. More advanced systems are designed to be proactive rather than reactive. For example, Subaru’s “active” AWD is claimed to anticipate and prevent slippage for a seamless driving experience. Audi's quattro and related Volkswagen 4MOTION AWD systems route power based on vehicle dynamics: Rear tires have greater grip during acceleration, so during that action the rear wheels receive more of the engine’s power. In turns, the outside front wheel has the most grip and thus gets the most power, followed by both rear wheels. With advanced AWD like this available on cars such as the Porsche 911 Carrera 4, it’s clear that four driven wheels are no longer the province of high-ridin’ mud buggies. For surefooted handling during acceleration — even on bone-dry roads — AWD is tough to beat." As per the author of this article the Continuous AWD system found on Subarus with 5MT and 6MT is a simpler system in that it is more reactive than proactive. Whereas the Active AWD systems (with Variable Transfer Clutch) found on 4EAT Subarus and the VTD (which is an advanced Active AWD system) found on 5EAT Subarus are proactive in predicting wheel slippage conditions and hence react faster. But obviously the Continuous AWD systems have the advantages of being less complex and hence less prone to failures and low repair costs. So again which system is the best? I would say the order could be as follows: DCCD with Front and Rear LSDs - WRX Sti VTD - 4EAT on WRX and 5EAT on Outback XT, Outback 3.0R and Legacy GT Active AWD with Rear LSD: 4EAT on Outback 2.5i Tie. Depends on what you need more? proactive AWD system or the Rear LSD (if offroading) Active AWD without Rear LSD: 4EAT on Impreza 2.5i, Legacy 2.5i and Legacy 2.5i Ltd Continuous AWD with Rear LSD: 5MT on WRX, Legacy GT, Outback 2.5i, Outback XT and 6MT on spec.B Continuous AWD without Rear LSD: 5MT on Impreza 2.5i and Legacy 2.5i Subaru saves its best AWD system for the Impreza WRX Sti which has the DCCD system with front and rear LSDs. I wasnt aware that the Outback 2.5i has the Rear LSD. Thats an advantage over the Legacy 2.5i. |
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Sep 15th, 2010, 01:12
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只看该作者 #35 | |
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Senior Member
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For instant and seamless response to varying driving conditions, the optional 4-speed Electronic Direct Control Automatic Transmission with Manual Mode allows the driver to shift gears manually or choose from two fully automatic modes (Normal and Sport). The multi-plate transfer clutch AWD system maintains a 60/40 torque split (front/rear) for more predictable handling and automatically adjusts up to a 50/50 split under hard acceleration or when conditions warrant. 森林人（基本型起价25995）的介绍 Forester models equipped with the 4-speed Automatic Transmission with SPORTSHIFT® use a multi-plate transfer clutch limited-slip centre differential. This allows the driver to choose from two fully automatic modes (Normal and Sport) and a manual-shift SPORTSHIFT® mode. The AWD system maintains a 60/40 torque split (front/rear) and automatically adjusts up to 50/50 split under hard acceleration or when conditions warrant. WRX STI（四门Sedan基本型起价32495）的介绍 The 2011 WRX STI's multi-mode DCCD (Driver Controlled Centre Differential) allows for the adjustment of the electromechanical centre differential to ensure precise handling in all conditions. The Auto mode is for all-around driving; torque distribution automatically varies between 41/59 and 50/50 (front/rear) as conditions warrant. By tightening the centre differential, the Auto [+] mode enhances traction and stability on slippery roads, targeting a 50/50 torque split, front/rear. The Auto [-] mode targets a 41/59 (front/rear) torque split for enhanced turning capability and more responsive handling. Lastly, Manual mode offers the driver a 6-step adjustment of the centre differential locking. 看起来Impreza和森林人平时都是60/40的力矩分配，根据需要可以自动调整到50/50，而且森林人有防滑中央差速器。 DCCD好像是让司机来选择逐级锁定中央差速器或通过自动调整分配前后轮的力矩。 |
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感谢 NDT70 此篇文章之用户： |
寒竹 (Sep 15th, 2010) |
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Sep 15th, 2010, 11:32
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只看该作者 #36 | |
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步兵班长
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我不太清楚你的资料是从哪里来的.它肯定了在低端的车型上,SUBARU采用了不同类型的AWD系统(multi-plate transfer ),但是动力分配的问题上我觉得却搞错了. 我在SUBARU的官方网站上无法找到对其AWD系统的详细介绍,但是找到了下面的话: Active All-Wheel Drive Models equipped with 4-speed automatic transmission utilize an electronically controlled variable transfer clutch to distribute power where traction is needed. Sensors monitor parameters such as wheel slippage, throttle positions and braking to help determine torque distribution and direct it to the wheels with optimum traction. 里面没有提到动力分配的比例,但是肯定了它是一个Active的系统. 此帖于 Sep 15th, 2010 11:57 被 老兵不死 编辑。 |
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Sep 15th, 2010, 11:55
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只看该作者 #38 |
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Senior Member
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Impreza http://www.subaru.ca/WebPage.aspx?We...ebSiteID=282#1 Forester http://www.subaru.ca/WebPage.aspx?We...ebSiteID=282#1 WRX & WRX STI http://www.subaru.ca/WebPage.aspx?We...6036&Range=WRX %26 WRX STI&ModelYear=2011&WebSiteID=282 前两个看的都是自动挡的，WRX好像没有自动挡的。 |
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