孕期 刚刚怀孕，有问题请教

[一知半解]

各位姐姐妹妹们好，我头一次来到宝宝坛，先给各位问好。我刚刚发现怀孕，以前从未怀过孕和生过娃，这次是计划中。由于一点儿经验都没有，所以会有好多问题向各位请教。希望不吝赐教。

今天要从比较初级的问题开始：

我上次例假是May 25开始，上周末在walkin clinic测出怀孕。已经约了家庭医生，要到下个月才能见到。我想知道从现在开始一步步的我应当做什么，只听说12周要做个B超，之前（5-11周）需要做什么呢？

还有啊，我是超大龄，38乐，应该要约specialist吧？

非常感谢先。

[sage]

啥都不需要，放宽心，享受怀孕的乐趣。
每天吃一粒孕妇用的多种维他命，均衡饮食，没什么需要操心的。38不算超大龄，别有什么心理负担。

[一知半解]

作者: wiki

啥都不需要，放宽心，享受怀孕的乐趣。
每天吃一粒孕妇用的多种维他命，均衡饮食，没什么需要操心的。38不算超大龄，别有什么心理负担。

谢谢。这个阶段不需要验验血什么的吗？

我正在四处搜寻一些饮食方面的资料，有什么好推荐吗？

[redboy2000]

作者: 一知半解

谢谢。这个阶段不需要验验血什么的吗？

我正在四处搜寻一些饮食方面的资料，有什么好推荐吗？...

放松心情。我觉得没什么要特别注意的，只要均衡饮食，不要或者尽量少吃那些明显的不健康食品就行了。另外不要吃生鱼，生肉，生鸡蛋等。

[smellyfish]

作者: 一知半解

各位姐姐妹妹们好，我头一次来到宝宝坛，先给各位问好。我刚刚发现怀孕，以前从未怀过孕和生过娃，这次是计划中。由于一点儿经验都没有，所以会有好多问题向各位请教。希望不吝赐教。

今天要从比较初级的问题开始：

我上次例假是May 25开始，上周末在walkin clinic测出怀孕。已经约了家庭...

验血B超之类的检查，看了医生，会给你安排的，不用操心。
现阶段，每天一粒维生素，吃点核桃给早期baby补脑，吃好睡好心情好，回家往沙发一靠，四肢一伸，口头指挥就可以啦。

[wangsyun]

我最开始也是啥都不懂，上了个产前培训班，宝宝出生后，慢慢就好啦

不要紧张，保持心情愉悦，没那么紧张的呀

[枫婆子]

为什么要等那么久才能看医生？你是特殊情况，应该可以早点见医生的。

[一知半解]

作者: 枫婆子

为什么要等那么久才能看医生？你是特殊情况，应该可以早点见医生的。

家庭医生在休假，下周回来，也就是我的第五周了。我就是担心这个，怕耽误了什么必要的检查。是不是家庭医生马上给约见产科医生啊？还是我一直看她，后期才看产科医生。

请各位继续帮助扫盲。

[一知半解]

作者: smellyfish

验血B超之类的检查，看了医生，会给你安排的，不用操心。
现阶段，每天一粒维生素，吃点核桃给早期baby补脑，吃好睡好心情好，回家往沙发一靠，四肢一伸，口头指挥就可以啦。

验血B超是家庭医生给安排还是要见了专科医生后安排？谢谢。

[wangsyun]

到那个时间了 你在谁手里 谁就给安排的
这边宝宝缺 孕妇很熊猫 不会耽误的

[红樱桃，绿芭蕉]

吃的方面就不要买书看了。看了也没用，到时候孩子会在肚子里指挥你想吃啥，不想吃啥的。

[枫婆子]

作者: 一知半解

家庭医生在休假，下周回来，也就是我的第五周了。我就是担心这个，怕耽误了什么必要的检查。是不是家庭医生马上给约见产科医生啊？还是我一直看她，后期才看产科医生。

请各位继续帮助扫盲。

下周还好了，家庭医生会根据你的情况安排的，放心好了，多吃点坚果，头三月是脑部发育的关键。

[gemini0]

第5周还行。到时候家庭医生会安排你验血，并帮你联系产科医生。以后你就去产科医生那儿了，没家庭医生的事了。

刚开始是每4周检查一次，在第十二周的时候做第一次B超，第18-19周时第二次。你因为年龄问题，很可能要做羊水穿刺。如果要做，一般在第二次B超后，第22周前。

开始喝牛奶、酸奶、豆奶，每天合计500ml到1L。如果实在喝不下奶，就吃点钙片，每天1000mg。吃点坚果，给孩子补脑。多吃绿叶菜，补叶酸。 其他的照旧。

千万别吃山楂、黑木耳、薏米。杏仁各种说法不一，小心点就别吃了。

[一知半解]

我在卡城，产科医生有什么好推荐吗？到时候我好和我的医生提。谢谢。

[一知半解]

作者: gemini0

第5周还行。到时候家庭医生会安排你验血，并帮你联系产科医生。以后你就去产科医生那儿了，没家庭医生的事了。

刚开始是每4周检查一次，在第十二周的时候做第一次B超，第18-19周时第二次。你因为年龄问题，很可能要做羊水穿刺。如果要做，一般在第二次B超后，第22周前。

开始喝牛奶、酸奶、豆奶，...

哎呦，上周因为食欲不好，吃了个果丹皮。这下子知道了，不吃了。

[gemini0]

作者: 一知半解

我在卡城，产科医生有什么好推荐吗？到时候我好和我的医生提。谢谢。

先看看你家庭医生给联系的吧。其实，每次去护士给做检查，跟医生就10分钟。

B超坚决要求去Foothill的那个做，机器新、屏幕大，卡城专门做fetus的，比其它都好。

[sage]

Eating During Pregnancy
http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.js...icle_set=20591

To eat well during pregnancy you must do more than simply increase how much you eat. You must also consider what you eat. Although you need about 300 extra calories a day — especially later in your pregnancy, when your baby grows quickly — those calories should come from nutritious foods so they can contribute to your baby's growth and development.

Why It's Important to Eat Well When You're Pregnant
Do you wonder how it's reasonable to gain 25 to 35 pounds (on average) during your pregnancy when a newborn baby weighs only a fraction of that? Although it varies from woman to woman, this is how those pounds may add up:

7.5 pounds: average baby's weight
7 pounds: extra stored protein, fat, and other nutrients
4 pounds: extra blood
4 pounds: other extra body fluids
2 pounds: breast enlargement
2 pounds: enlargement of your uterus
2 pounds: amniotic fluid surrounding your baby
1.5 pounds: the placenta
Of course, patterns of weight gain during pregnancy vary. It's normal to gain less if you start out heavier and more if you're having twins or triplets — or if you were underweight before becoming pregnant. More important than how much weight you gain is what makes up those extra pounds.

When you're pregnant, what you eat and drink is the main source of nourishment for your baby. In fact, the link between what you consume and the health of your baby is much stronger than once thought. That's why doctors now say, for example, that no amount of alcohol consumption should be considered safe during pregnancy.

The extra food you eat shouldn't just be empty calories — it should provide the nutrients your growing baby needs. For example, calcium helps make and keep bones and teeth strong. While you're pregnant, you still need calcium for your body, plus extra calcium for your developing baby. Similarly, you require more of all the essential nutrients than you did before you became pregnant.

A Nutrition Primer for Expectant Mothers
Whether or not you're pregnant, a healthy diet includes proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and plenty of water. The U.S. government publishes dietary guidelines that can help you determine how many servings of each kind of food to eat every day. Eating a variety of foods in the proportions indicated is a good step toward staying healthy.

Food labels can tell you what kinds of nutrients are in the foods you eat. The letters RDA, which you find on food labeling, stand for recommended daily allowance, or the amount of a nutrient recommended for your daily diet. When you're pregnant, the RDAs for most nutrients are higher.

Here are some of the most common nutrients you need and the foods that contain them:

Nutrient Needed for Best sources
Protein cell growth and blood production lean meat, fish, poultry, egg whites, beans, peanut butter, tofu

Carbohydrates daily energy production breads, cereals, rice, potatoes, pasta, fruits, vegetables
Calcium strong bones and teeth, muscle contraction, nerve function milk, cheese, yogurt, sardines or salmon with bones, spinach
Iron red blood cell production (needed to prevent anemia) lean red meat, spinach, iron-fortified whole-grain breads and cereals
Vitamin A healthy skin, good eyesight, growing bones carrots, dark leafy greens, sweet potatoes
Vitamin C healthy gums, teeth, and bones; assistance with iron absorption citrus fruit, broccoli, tomatoes, fortified fruit juices
Vitamin B6 red blood cell formation; effective use of protein, fat, and carbohydrates pork, ham, whole-grain cereals, bananas
Vitamin B12 formation of red blood cells, maintaining nervous system health meat, fish, poultry, milk
(Note: vegetarians who don't eat dairy products need supplemental B12)
Vitamin D healthy bones and teeth; aids absorption of calcium fortified milk, dairy products, cereals, and breads
Folic acid blood and protein production, effective enzyme function green leafy vegetables, dark yellow fruits and vegetables, beans, peas, nuts
Fat body energy stores meat, whole-milk dairy products, nuts, peanut butter, margarine, vegetable oils
(Note: limit fat intake to 30% or less of your total daily calorie intake)

Scientists know that your diet can affect your baby's health — even before you become pregnant. For example, recent research shows that folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects (including spina bifida) from occurring during the earliest stages of fetal development — so it's important for you to consume plenty of it before you become pregnant and during the early weeks of your pregnancy.

Even though lots of foods, particularly breakfast cereals, are fortified with folic acid, doctors now encourage women to take folic acid supplements before and throughout pregnancy (especially for the first 28 days). Be sure to ask your doctor about folic acid if you're considering becoming pregnant.

Calcium is another important nutrient for pregnant women. Because your growing baby's calcium demands are high, you should increase your calcium consumption to prevent a loss of calcium from your own bones. Your doctor will also likely prescribe prenatal vitamins for you, which contain some extra calcium.

Your best food sources of calcium are milk and other dairy products. However, if you have lactose intolerance or dislike milk and milk products, ask your doctor about a calcium supplement. (Signs of lactose intolerance include diarrhea, bloating, or gas after eating milk or milk products. Taking a lactase capsule or pill, or using lactose-free milk products may help.) Other calcium-rich foods include sardines or salmon with bones, tofu, broccoli, spinach, and calcium-fortified juices and foods.

Doctors don't usually recommend starting a strict vegan diet when you become pregnant. However, if you already follow a vegetarian diet, you can continue to do so during your pregnancy — but do it carefully. Be sure your doctor knows about your diet. It's challenging to get the nutrition you need if you don't eat fish and chicken, or milk, cheese, or eggs. You'll likely need supplemental protein and may also need to take vitamin B12 and D supplements. To ensure that you and your baby receive adequate nutrition, consult a registered dietitian for help with planning meals.

Food Cravings During Pregnancy
You've probably known women who craved specific foods during pregnancy, or perhaps you've had such cravings yourself. Researchers have tried to determine whether a hunger for a particular type of food indicates that a woman's body lacks the nutrients that food contains. Although this isn't the case, it's still unclear why these urges occur.

Some pregnant women crave chocolate, spicy foods, fruits, and comfort foods, such as mashed potatoes, cereals, and toasted white bread. Other women crave non-food items, such as clay and cornstarch. The craving and eating of non-food items is known as pica. Consuming things that aren't food can be dangerous to both you and your baby. If you have urges to eat non-food items, notify your doctor.

But following your cravings is fine, as long as you crave foods and these foods contribute to a healthy diet. Frequently, these cravings diminish about 3 months into the pregnancy.

Food and Drinks to Avoid During Pregnancy
As mentioned earlier, avoid alcohol. No level of alcohol consumption is considered safe during pregnancy. Also, check with your doctor before you take any vitamins or herbal products. Some of these can be harmful to the developing fetus.

And although many doctors feel that one or two 6- to 8-ounce cups per day of coffee, tea, or soda with caffeine won't harm your baby, it's probably wise to avoid caffeine altogether if you can. High caffeine consumption has been linked to an increased risk of miscarriage, so limit your intake or switch to decaffeinated products.

When you're pregnant, it's also important to avoid food-borne illnesses, such as listeriosis and toxoplasmosis, which can be life-threatening to an unborn baby and may cause birth defects or miscarriage. Foods you'll want to steer clear of include:

soft, unpasteurized cheeses (often advertised as "fresh") such as feta, goat, Brie, Camembert, and blue cheese
unpasteurized milk, juices, and apple cider
raw eggs or foods containing raw eggs, including mousse and tiramisu
raw or undercooked meats, fish, or shellfish
processed meats such as hot dogs and deli meats (these should be well-cooked)
fish that are high in mercury, including shark, swordfish, king mackeral, or tilefish
If you've eaten these foods at some point during your pregnancy, try not to worry too much about it now; just avoid them for the remainder of the pregnancy. If you're really concerned, talk to your doctor.

About Fish. Fish and shellfish can be an extremely healthy part of your pregnancy diet — they contain beneficial omega-3 fatty acids, and are high in protein and low in saturated fat. But limit the types of fish you eat while pregnant because some contain high levels of mercury, which can cause damage to the developing nervous system of a fetus. Mercury, which occurs naturally in the environment, is also released into the air through industrial pollution and can accumulate in streams and oceans, where it turns into methylmercury. The methylmercury builds up in fish, especially those that eat other fish.

Because canned albacore (or white) tuna and tuna steaks are generally considered to be higher in mercury than canned light tuna, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends that you eat no more than 6 ounces a week. A 2006 review by Consumer Reports, though, showed that some canned light tuna can contain levels of mercury even higher than that of white tuna. But the FDA maintains that the levels are safe if consumption of the fish is limited, and that the current recommendations should stand.

It can be confusing when recommendations from trusted sources differ. But since this analysis indicates that amounts of mercury in tuna may be higher than previously reported, some women may want to eliminate tuna from their diet while pregnant or when trying to become pregnant. Almost all fish and shellfish contain small amounts of mercury, but you can safely eat those with consistently low mercury levels (like salmon, shrimp, clams, and tilapia). Talk with your doctor if you have any questions about how much — and which fish — you can eat.

Managing Some Common Problems
Because the iron in prenatal vitamins and other factors may cause constipation during pregnancy, try to consume more fiber than you did before you became pregnant. Try to eat about 20 to 30 grams of fiber a day. Your best sources are fresh fruits and vegetables and whole-grain breads, cereals, or muffins.

Some people also use fiber tablets or drinks or other high-fiber products available at pharmacies and grocery stores, but check with your doctor before trying them. (Don't use laxatives while you're pregnant unless your doctor advises you to do so. And avoid the old wives' remedy — castor oil — because it can actually interfere with your body's ability to absorb nutrients.)

If constipation is a problem for you, your doctor may prescribe a stool softener. Be sure to drink plenty of fluids, especially water, when increasing fiber intake, or you can make your constipation worse. One of the best ways to avoid constipation is to get more exercise. You should also drink plenty of water between meals each day to help soften your stools and move food through your digestive system. Sometimes hot tea, soups, or broth can help. Also, keep dried fruits handy for snacking.

Some pregnant women find that broccoli, spinach, cauliflower, and fried foods give them heartburn or gas. You can plan a balanced diet to avoid these foods. Carbonated drinks also cause gas or heartburn for some women, although others find they calm the digestive system.

If you're frequently nauseated, eat small amounts of bland foods, like toast or crackers, throughout the day. If nothing else sounds good, try cereal with milk or a sweet piece of fruit. To help combat nausea, you can also:

Take your prenatal vitamin before going to bed after you've eaten a snack — not on an empty stomach.
Eat a small snack when you get up to go to the bathroom early in the morning.
Suck on hard candy.
How to Know If You're Eating Well During Pregnancy
The key is to eat foods from the different food groups in approximately the recommended proportions. If nausea or lack of appetite cause you to eat less at times, don't worry — it's unlikely to cause fetal harm because your baby gets first crack at the nutrients you consume. And although it's generally recommended that a woman of normal weight gain approximately 25 to 35 pounds during pregnancy (most gain 4 to 6 pounds during the first trimester and 1 pound a week during the second and third trimesters), don't fixate on the scale. Instead, focus on eating a good variety and balance of nutritious foods to keep both you and your baby healthy.

Reviewed by: Steven Dowshen, MD
Date reviewed: June 2006

[Lanfen]

作者: 一知半解

各位姐姐妹妹们好，我头一次来到宝宝坛，先给各位问好。我刚刚发现怀孕，以前从未怀过孕和生过娃，这次是计划中。由于一点儿经验都没有，所以会有好多问题向各位请教。希望不吝赐教。

今天要从比较初级的问题开始：

我上次例假是May 25开始，上周末在walkin clinic测出怀孕。已经约了家庭...

关于饮食和检查方面的事情，各位姐妹都已经给了你很多建议了。我只从年龄上给你一点信心——跟我比，你一点都不高龄，我去年底刚生了个宝宝，是头胎，现在半岁多了，活泼可爱又健康。我自己呢，也是越活越精神了。

[sage]

作者: Lanfen

关于饮食和检查方面的事情，各位姐妹都已经给了你很多建议了。我只从年龄上给你一点信心——跟我比，你一点都不高龄，我去年底刚生了个宝宝，是头胎，现在半岁多了，活泼可爱又健康。我自己呢，也是越活越精神了。

[sage]

12-13周需要照个B超，属于IPS(integrated prenatal screening)的一部分。