Nov 19th, 2019, 19:48 | #1 |
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关于美国要求引渡孟女士的法律基础
燕王 现在情况开始逐步明确。特此分析一下此次事件中若干奇葩之处: 1) 此次判决要求加方捕人并引渡的是Eastern District of NY, 其辖区为Bronx至Long Island 一带。俺没有完全统计过,但是印象中所有国家的法律都是“Law of the land”,这是从英国大宪章就开始的概念。美国宪法也继承了这一概念,即在一块土地上的行政辖区内,统一法律且法律面前人人平等(包括外国人)。那么,EDNY发出引渡判决的前提是孟女士被指控的犯罪(注意要跨境抓捕的必须是刑事犯罪),必须是刑事犯罪而且是在其辖区内犯的。 2) 那么,孟女士即使如EDNY判决所言,向伊朗出口了某种美国禁运的东西,这件事也必须发生在其辖区内。否则,就是现在这个局面:狗拿耗子,多管闲事。 3) 如果如某种报道或者谣言所说,孟女士公司承诺不向伊朗出口而违背了许诺,那么应该由美国相关当局到案发地(北京?)向当地法院起诉违约罪 – 在中国和美国一样,大多商业违约罪是民事纠纷 – 充其量罚款、吊销执照一类。除非危及国家安全(我估计北京的中院只会根据中国法律裁决是否危及中国的国家安全),否则不构成刑事罪。 4) 通常这种情况下,美国看另一国家的某公司不顺眼,如果该公司在美国经营,可以起诉罚款甚至禁止经营。如果冻结就已经是严重的敌意了。这种跨境抓人是超出其法律根基的,特别是对华为这种不在美国经营的公司 – 华为只需要遵守它经营地、经营范围之内相关的法律就是守法了。 5) 至于加拿大总理说他不能干预司法的事,纯粹是胡说八道。美国司法部下属某区(应该也是EDNY)的公诉人(US Attorney)向该区法院提出起诉,该区法官放弃不受理的正确选择,做出了错误判决。然后执行是由美国司法部(DoJ)向加拿大对等部门提出要求。加拿大的DoJ和美国DoJ一样,都是行政部门,即联邦政府的一部分 – 假如他们不是奇葩的话,正常的必须向外交部通报,并请总理批准,根据加拿大国家利益作出判断。 6) 此事的根本法律定性是明确的:越界执法 – 通常我们叫做绑架人质 – 温和些的说法是国家恐怖主义。 |
天若有情天亦老,人间正道是沧桑。
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Nov 20th, 2019, 23:08 | 只看该作者 #11 |
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这是两个不同的概念。 责任范围是责任范围,辖区是辖区。 “The United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York is the federal district court whose jurisdiction comprises Long Island (including portions of New York City) and Staten Island in New York. The court's territorial jurisdiction includes the Counties of Kings (Brooklyn), Queens, Richmond (Staten Island), Nassau, and Suffolk as well as, concurrently with the Southern District of New York, the waters of New York and Bronx counties (including New York Harbor and the East River).” “Welcome to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. The Eastern District has 26 Article III Judges and 16 Magistrate Judges. The district comprises the counties of Kings, Nassau, Queens, Richmond, and Suffolk and concurrently with the Southern District, the waters within the counties of Bronx and New York. The Eastern District has a population of eight million people.” |
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Nov 21st, 2019, 00:12 | 只看该作者 #18 |
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似乎是一样的范围: “The United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. The current Interim United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York since January 5, 2018, is Richard Donoghue.” 但是东区检察院代表的是美国政府处理: “ Welcome to the United States Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of New York, one of the nation’s premier litigation offices representing the United States in three of the five boroughs of New York City – Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island – and both suburban counties on Long Island – Nassau and Suffolk. The district encompasses approximately eight million people, major international air and sea ports, extraordinary commercial and cultural activity, and a diversity and vitality that make it a unique and exciting place to live and work. Our mission is to investigate, prosecute and deter violations of federal statutes, enforce and represent the interests of the United States in civil litigation, uphold civil, constitutional and victims’ rights, and foster partnerships with other federal, state and local government agencies and community groups.” |
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感谢 HXS1966 此篇文章之用户: |
Hiyyc (Nov 21st, 2019) |
Nov 21st, 2019, 00:13 | 只看该作者 #20 | |
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引用:
The U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York has jurisdiction over all cases prosecuted and defended by the U.S. Attorney. |
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